/**

  * vim: set ts=4 sw=4 tw=99 noet :

  * =============================================================================

  * SourceMod

  * Copyright (C) 2004-2010 AlliedModders LLC.  All rights reserved.

  * =============================================================================

  *

  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under

  * the terms of the GNU General Public License, version 3.0, as published by the

  * Free Software Foundation.

  * 

  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT

  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS

  * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more

  * details.

  *

  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with

  * this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

  *

  * As a special exception, AlliedModders LLC gives you permission to link the

  * code of this program (as well as its derivative works) to "Half-Life 2," the

  * "Source Engine," the "SourcePawn JIT," and any Game MODs that run on software

  * by the Valve Corporation.  You must obey the GNU General Public License in

  * all respects for all other code used.  Additionally, AlliedModders LLC grants

  * this exception to all derivative works.  AlliedModders LLC defines further

  * exceptions, found in LICENSE.txt (as of this writing, version JULY-31-2007),

  * or <http://www.sourcemod.net/license.php>.

  */

 #include "MemoryUtils.h"

 #ifdef PLATFORM_LINUX

 #include <fcntl.h>

 #include <link.h>

 #include <sys/mman.h>

 #define PAGE_SIZE			4096

 #define PAGE_ALIGN_UP(x)	((x + PAGE_SIZE - 1) & ~(PAGE_SIZE - 1))

 #endif

 #ifdef PLATFORM_APPLE

 #include <mach-o/dyld_images.h>

 #include <mach-o/loader.h>

 #include <mach-o/nlist.h>

 #endif

 MemoryUtils::MemoryUtils()

 {

 #ifdef PLATFORM_APPLE

 	/* Get pointer to struct that describes all loaded mach-o images in process */

 	struct nlist list[2];

 	memset(list, 0, sizeof(list));

 	list[0].n_un.n_name = (char *)"_dyld_all_image_infos";

 	nlist("/usr/lib/dyld", list);

 	m_ImageList = (struct dyld_all_image_infos *)list[0].n_value;

 #endif

 }

 MemoryUtils::~MemoryUtils()

 {

 #if defined PLATFORM_LINUX || defined PLATFORM_APPLE

 	for (size_t i = 0; i < m_SymTables.size(); i++)

 	{

 		delete m_SymTables[i];

 	}

 	m_SymTables.clear();

 #endif

 }

 void *MemoryUtils::FindPatternInFile(int fd, const char *pattern, size_t len, int &matches, bool &atFuncStart)

 {

 	size_t size;

 	size = lseek (fd , 0 , SEEK_END);

 	matches = 0;

 	// TODO: fix this

 	atFuncStart = true;

 	lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET);

 	void *map;

 	char *ptr, *start, *end;

 	bool found = true;

 	map = mmap(0, size, PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED, fd, 0);

 	ptr = (char *)map;

 	start = ptr;

 	end = ptr + size;

 	void *firstMatch = NULL;

 	while (ptr < end)

 	{

 		found = true;

 		for (register size_t i = 0; i < len; i++)

 		{

 			if (pattern[i] != '\x2A' && pattern[i] != ptr[i])

 			{

 				found = false;

 				break;

 			}

 		}

 		if (found)

 		{

 			if( !firstMatch )

 			{

 				firstMatch = ptr;

 				if( ptr - start >= 1 )

 				{

 					unsigned char oneBack = *(unsigned char*)((intptr_t)ptr - 1);

 					if( oneBack != 0xC3 && oneBack != 0xCB && oneBack != 0xCC )

 					{

 						if( ptr - start >= 3 )

 						{

 							unsigned char threeBack = *(unsigned char*)((intptr_t)ptr - 3);

 							if( threeBack != 0xCA && threeBack != 0xC2 )

 							{

 								atFuncStart = false;

 							}

 						}

 						else

 						{

 							atFuncStart = false;

 						}

 					}

 				}

 			}

 			++matches;

 		}

 		++ptr;

 	}

 	return firstMatch;

 }

 void *MemoryUtils::FindPattern(const void *libPtr, const char *pattern, size_t len, int &matches, bool &atFuncStart)

 {

 	DynLibInfo lib;

 	bool found;

 	char *ptr, *end;

 	matches = 0;

 	// TODO: fix this

 	atFuncStart = true;

 	memset(&lib, 0, sizeof(DynLibInfo));

 	if (!GetLibraryInfo(libPtr, lib))

 	{

 		return NULL;

 	}

 	void *firstMatch = NULL;

 	ptr = reinterpret_cast<char *>(lib.baseAddress);

 	end = ptr + lib.memorySize - 1;

 	while (ptr < end)

 	{

 		found = true;

 		for (register size_t i = 0; i < len; i++)

 		{

 			if (pattern[i] != '\x2A' && pattern[i] != ptr[i])

 			{

 				found = false;

 				break;

 			}

 		}

 		if (found)

 		{

 			if( !firstMatch )

 				firstMatch = ptr;

 			++matches;

 		}

 		++ptr;

 	}

 	return firstMatch;

 }

 void *MemoryUtils::ResolveSymbol(void *handle, const char *symbol)

 {

 #ifdef PLATFORM_WINDOWS

 	return GetProcAddress((HMODULE)handle, symbol);

 #elif defined PLATFORM_LINUX

 	struct link_map *dlmap;

 	struct stat dlstat;

 	int dlfile;

 	uintptr_t map_base;

 	Elf32_Ehdr *file_hdr;

 	Elf32_Shdr *sections, *shstrtab_hdr, *symtab_hdr, *strtab_hdr;

 	Elf32_Sym *symtab;

 	const char *shstrtab, *strtab;

 	uint16_t section_count;

 	uint32_t symbol_count;

 	LibSymbolTable *libtable;

 	SymbolTable *table;

 	AddrTable *table2;

 	Symbol *symbol_entry;

 	dlmap = (struct link_map *)handle;

 	symtab_hdr = NULL;

 	strtab_hdr = NULL;

 	table = NULL;

 	table2 = NULL;

 	/* See if we already have a symbol table for this library */

 	for (size_t i = 0; i < m_SymTables.size(); i++)

 	{

 		libtable = m_SymTables[i];

 		if (libtable->lib_base == dlmap->l_addr)

 		{

 			table = &libtable->table;

 			table2 = &libtable->table2;

 			break;

 		}

 	}

 	/* If we don't have a symbol table for this library, then create one */

 	if (table == NULL)

 	{

 		libtable = new LibSymbolTable();

 		libtable->table.Initialize();

 		libtable->table2.Initialize();

 		libtable->lib_base = dlmap->l_addr;

 		libtable->last_pos = 0;

 		table = &libtable->table;

 		table2 = &libtable->table2;

 		m_SymTables.push_back(libtable);

 	}

 	/* See if the symbol is already cached in our table */

 	symbol_entry = table->FindSymbol(symbol, strlen(symbol));

 	if (symbol_entry != NULL)

 	{

 		return symbol_entry->address;

 	}

 	/* If symbol isn't in our table, then we have open the actual library */

 	dlfile = open(dlmap->l_name, O_RDONLY);

 	if (dlfile == -1 || fstat(dlfile, &dlstat) == -1)

 	{

 		close(dlfile);

 		return NULL;

 	}

 	/* Map library file into memory */

 	file_hdr = (Elf32_Ehdr *)mmap(NULL, dlstat.st_size, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, dlfile, 0);

 	map_base = (uintptr_t)file_hdr;

 	if (file_hdr == MAP_FAILED)

 	{

 		close(dlfile);

 		return NULL;

 	}

 	close(dlfile);

 	if (file_hdr->e_shoff == 0 || file_hdr->e_shstrndx == SHN_UNDEF)

 	{

 		munmap(file_hdr, dlstat.st_size);

 		return NULL;

 	}

 	sections = (Elf32_Shdr *)(map_base + file_hdr->e_shoff);

 	section_count = file_hdr->e_shnum;

 	/* Get ELF section header string table */

 	shstrtab_hdr = &sections[file_hdr->e_shstrndx];

 	shstrtab = (const char *)(map_base + shstrtab_hdr->sh_offset);

 	/* Iterate sections while looking for ELF symbol table and string table */

 	for (uint16_t i = 0; i < section_count; i++)

 	{

 		Elf32_Shdr &hdr = sections[i];

 		const char *section_name = shstrtab + hdr.sh_name;

 		if (strcmp(section_name, ".symtab") == 0)

 		{

 			symtab_hdr = &hdr;

 		}

 		else if (strcmp(section_name, ".strtab") == 0)

 		{

 			strtab_hdr = &hdr;

 		}

 	}

 	/* Uh oh, we don't have a symbol table or a string table */

 	if (symtab_hdr == NULL || strtab_hdr == NULL)

 	{

 		munmap(file_hdr, dlstat.st_size);

 		return NULL;

 	}

 	symtab = (Elf32_Sym *)(map_base + symtab_hdr->sh_offset);

 	strtab = (const char *)(map_base + strtab_hdr->sh_offset);

 	symbol_count = symtab_hdr->sh_size / symtab_hdr->sh_entsize;

 	/* Iterate symbol table starting from the position we were at last time */

 	for (uint32_t i = libtable->last_pos; i < symbol_count; i++)

 	{

 		Elf32_Sym &sym = symtab[i];

 		unsigned char sym_type = ELF32_ST_TYPE(sym.st_info);

 		const char *sym_name = strtab + sym.st_name;

 		Symbol *cur_sym;

 		/* Skip symbols that are undefined or do not refer to functions or objects */

 		if (sym.st_shndx == SHN_UNDEF || (sym_type != STT_FUNC && sym_type != STT_OBJECT))

 		{

 			continue;

 		}

 		/* Caching symbols as we go along */

 		cur_sym = table->InternSymbol(sym_name, strlen(sym_name), (void *)(dlmap->l_addr + sym.st_value));

 		table2->InternSymbol(sym_name, strlen(sym_name), (void *)(dlmap->l_addr + sym.st_value));

 		if (strcmp(symbol, sym_name) == 0)

 		{

 			symbol_entry = cur_sym;

 			libtable->last_pos = ++i;

 	//		break;

 		}

 	}

 	libtable->last_pos = symbol_count;

 	munmap(file_hdr, dlstat.st_size);

 	return symbol_entry ? symbol_entry->address : NULL;

 #elif defined PLATFORM_APPLE

 	uintptr_t dlbase, linkedit_addr;

 	uint32_t image_count;

 	struct mach_header *file_hdr;

 	struct load_command *loadcmds;

 	struct segment_command *linkedit_hdr;

 	struct symtab_command *symtab_hdr;

 	struct nlist *symtab;

 	const char *strtab;

 	uint32_t loadcmd_count;

 	uint32_t symbol_count;

 	LibSymbolTable *libtable;

 	SymbolTable *table;

 	Symbol *symbol_entry;

 	dlbase = 0;

 	image_count = m_ImageList->infoArrayCount;

 	linkedit_hdr = NULL;

 	symtab_hdr = NULL;

 	table = NULL;

 	/* Loop through mach-o images in process.

 	 * We can skip index 0 since that is just the executable.

 	 */

 	for (uint32_t i = 1; i < image_count; i++)

 	{

 		const struct dyld_image_info &info = m_ImageList->infoArray[i];

 		/* "Load" each one until we get a matching handle */

 		void *h = dlopen(info.imageFilePath, RTLD_NOLOAD);

 		if (h == handle)

 		{

 			dlbase = (uintptr_t)info.imageLoadAddress;

 			dlclose(h);

 			break;

 		}

 		dlclose(h);

 	}

 	if (!dlbase)

 	{

 		/* Uh oh, we couldn't find a matching handle */

 		return NULL;

 	}

 	/* See if we already have a symbol table for this library */

 	for (size_t i = 0; i < m_SymTables.size(); i++)

 	{

 		libtable = m_SymTables[i];

 		if (libtable->lib_base == dlbase)

 		{

 			table = &libtable->table;

 			break;

 		}

 	}

 	/* If we don't have a symbol table for this library, then create one */

 	if (table == NULL)

 	{

 		libtable = new LibSymbolTable();

 		libtable->table.Initialize();

 		libtable->lib_base = dlbase;

 		libtable->last_pos = 0;

 		table = &libtable->table;

 		m_SymTables.push_back(libtable);

 	}

 	/* See if the symbol is already cached in our table */

 	symbol_entry = table->FindSymbol(symbol, strlen(symbol));

 	if (symbol_entry != NULL)

 	{

 		return symbol_entry->address;

 	}

 	/* If symbol isn't in our table, then we have to locate it in memory */

 	file_hdr = (struct mach_header *)dlbase;

 	loadcmds = (struct load_command *)(dlbase + sizeof(struct mach_header));

 	loadcmd_count = file_hdr->ncmds;

 	/* Loop through load commands until we find the ones for the symbol table */

 	for (uint32_t i = 0; i < loadcmd_count; i++)

 	{

 		if (loadcmds->cmd == LC_SEGMENT && !linkedit_hdr)

 		{

 			struct segment_command *seg = (struct segment_command *)loadcmds;

 			if (strcmp(seg->segname, "__LINKEDIT") == 0)

 			{

 				linkedit_hdr = seg;

 				if (symtab_hdr)

 				{

 					break;

 				}

 			}

 		}

 		else if (loadcmds->cmd == LC_SYMTAB)

 		{

 			symtab_hdr = (struct symtab_command *)loadcmds;

 			if (linkedit_hdr)

 			{

 				break;

 			}

 		}

 		/* Load commands are not of a fixed size which is why we add the size */

 		loadcmds = (struct load_command *)((uintptr_t)loadcmds + loadcmds->cmdsize);

 	}

 	if (!linkedit_hdr || !symtab_hdr || !symtab_hdr->symoff || !symtab_hdr->stroff)

 	{

 		/* Uh oh, no symbol table */

 		return NULL;

 	}

 	linkedit_addr = dlbase + linkedit_hdr->vmaddr;

 	symtab = (struct nlist *)(linkedit_addr + symtab_hdr->symoff - linkedit_hdr->fileoff);

 	strtab = (const char *)(linkedit_addr + symtab_hdr->stroff - linkedit_hdr->fileoff);

 	symbol_count = symtab_hdr->nsyms;

 	/* Iterate symbol table starting from the position we were at last time */

 	for (uint32_t i = libtable->last_pos; i < symbol_count; i++)

 	{

 		struct nlist &sym = symtab[i];

 		/* Ignore the prepended underscore on all symbols, so +1 here */

 		const char *sym_name = strtab + sym.n_un.n_strx + 1;

 		Symbol *cur_sym;

 		/* Skip symbols that are undefined */

 		if (sym.n_sect == NO_SECT)

 		{

 			continue;

 		}

 		/* Caching symbols as we go along */

 		cur_sym = table->InternSymbol(sym_name, strlen(sym_name), (void *)(dlbase + sym.n_value));

 		if (strcmp(symbol, sym_name) == 0)

 		{

 			symbol_entry = cur_sym;

 			libtable->last_pos = ++i;

 			break;

 		}

 	}

 	return symbol_entry ? symbol_entry->address : NULL;

 #endif

 }

 bool MemoryUtils::GetLibraryInfo(const void *libPtr, DynLibInfo &lib)

 {

 	uintptr_t baseAddr;

 	if (libPtr == NULL)

 	{

 		return false;

 	}

 #ifdef PLATFORM_WINDOWS

 	MEMORY_BASIC_INFORMATION info;

 	IMAGE_DOS_HEADER *dos;

 	IMAGE_NT_HEADERS *pe;

 	IMAGE_FILE_HEADER *file;

 	IMAGE_OPTIONAL_HEADER *opt;

 	if (!VirtualQuery(libPtr, &info, sizeof(MEMORY_BASIC_INFORMATION)))

 	{

 		return false;

 	}

 	baseAddr = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(info.AllocationBase);

 	/* All this is for our insane sanity checks :o */

 	dos = reinterpret_cast<IMAGE_DOS_HEADER *>(baseAddr);

 	pe = reinterpret_cast<IMAGE_NT_HEADERS *>(baseAddr + dos->e_lfanew);

 	file = &pe->FileHeader;

 	opt = &pe->OptionalHeader;

 	/* Check PE magic and signature */

 	if (dos->e_magic != IMAGE_DOS_SIGNATURE || pe->Signature != IMAGE_NT_SIGNATURE || opt->Magic != IMAGE_NT_OPTIONAL_HDR32_MAGIC)

 	{

 		return false;

 	}

 	/* Check architecture, which is 32-bit/x86 right now

 	 * Should change this for 64-bit if Valve gets their act together

 	 */

 	if (file->Machine != IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_I386)

 	{

 		return false;

 	}

 	/* For our purposes, this must be a dynamic library */

 	if ((file->Characteristics & IMAGE_FILE_DLL) == 0)

 	{

 		return false;

 	}

 	/* Finally, we can do this */

 	lib.memorySize = opt->SizeOfImage;

 #elif defined PLATFORM_LINUX

 	Dl_info info;

 	Elf32_Ehdr *file;

 	Elf32_Phdr *phdr;

 	uint16_t phdrCount;

 	if (!dladdr(libPtr, &info))

 	{

 		return false;

 	}

 	if (!info.dli_fbase || !info.dli_fname)

 	{

 		return false;

 	}

 	/* This is for our insane sanity checks :o */

 	baseAddr = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(info.dli_fbase);

 	file = reinterpret_cast<Elf32_Ehdr *>(baseAddr);

 	/* Check ELF magic */

 	if (memcmp(ELFMAG, file->e_ident, SELFMAG) != 0)

 	{

 		return false;

 	}

 	/* Check ELF version */

 	if (file->e_ident[EI_VERSION] != EV_CURRENT)

 	{

 		return false;

 	}

 	/* Check ELF architecture, which is 32-bit/x86 right now

 	 * Should change this for 64-bit if Valve gets their act together

 	 */

 	if (file->e_ident[EI_CLASS] != ELFCLASS32 || file->e_machine != EM_386 || file->e_ident[EI_DATA] != ELFDATA2LSB)

 	{

 		return false;

 	}

 	/* For our purposes, this must be a dynamic library/shared object */

 	if (file->e_type != ET_DYN)

 	{

 		return false;

 	}

 	phdrCount = file->e_phnum;

 	phdr = reinterpret_cast<Elf32_Phdr *>(baseAddr + file->e_phoff);

 	for (uint16_t i = 0; i < phdrCount; i++)

 	{

 		Elf32_Phdr &hdr = phdr[i];

 		/* We only really care about the segment with executable code */

 		if (hdr.p_type == PT_LOAD && hdr.p_flags == (PF_X|PF_R))

 		{

 			/* From glibc, elf/dl-load.c:

 			 * c->mapend = ((ph->p_vaddr + ph->p_filesz + GLRO(dl_pagesize) - 1) 

 			 *             & ~(GLRO(dl_pagesize) - 1));

 			 *

 			 * In glibc, the segment file size is aligned up to the nearest page size and

 			 * added to the virtual address of the segment. We just want the size here.

 			 */

 			lib.memorySize = PAGE_ALIGN_UP(hdr.p_filesz);

 			break;

 		}

 	}

 #elif defined PLATFORM_APPLE

 	Dl_info info;

 	struct mach_header *file;

 	struct segment_command *seg;

 	uint32_t cmd_count;

 	if (!dladdr(libPtr, &info))

 	{

 		return false;

 	}

 	if (!info.dli_fbase || !info.dli_fname)

 	{

 		return false;

 	}

 	/* This is for our insane sanity checks :o */

 	baseAddr = (uintptr_t)info.dli_fbase;

 	file = (struct mach_header *)baseAddr;

 	/* Check Mach-O magic */

 	if (file->magic != MH_MAGIC)

 	{

 		return false;

 	}

 	/* Check architecture (32-bit/x86) */

 	if (file->cputype != CPU_TYPE_I386 || file->cpusubtype != CPU_SUBTYPE_I386_ALL)

 	{

 		return false;

 	}

 	/* For our purposes, this must be a dynamic library */

 	if (file->filetype != MH_DYLIB)

 	{

 		return false;

 	}

 	cmd_count = file->ncmds;

 	seg = (struct segment_command *)(baseAddr + sizeof(struct mach_header));

 	/* Add up memory sizes of mapped segments */

 	for (uint32_t i = 0; i < cmd_count; i++)

 	{		

 		if (seg->cmd == LC_SEGMENT)

 		{

 			lib.memorySize += seg->vmsize;

 		}

 		seg = (struct segment_command *)((uintptr_t)seg + seg->cmdsize);

 	}

 #endif

 	lib.baseAddress = reinterpret_cast<void *>(baseAddr);

 	return true;

 }

 const char* MemoryUtils::ResolveAddr(void *handle, void* addr)

 {

 	struct link_map *dlmap;

 	dlmap = (struct link_map *)handle;

 	LibSymbolTable *libtable;

 	AddrTable *table2;

 	for (size_t i = 0; i < m_SymTables.size(); i++)

 	{

 		libtable = m_SymTables[i];

 		if (libtable->lib_base == dlmap->l_addr)

 		{

 			table2 = &libtable->table2;

 			break;

 		}

 	}

 	if (table2 == NULL) return NULL;

 	Symbol *sym = table2->FindAddr(addr);

 	return sym ? sym->buffer() : NULL;

 }